Lung cancer is the leading causes of cancer-related deaths all across the globe. It is mainly categorized into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are the most common subtypes of NSCLC. Although they are classified into the same category, but exhibit marked differences in their genetic profiles, therapeutic targets and responses to the treatment.
LUAD is frequently associated with mutations in EGFR, ALK, KRAS and BRAF. On the other hand, LUSC us linked to alterations in PIK3CA, FGFR1 and DDR2. As there are genetic differences, they have an impact on the effectiveness of the targeted therapies. Thus, it is essential to customize treatment strategies as per specific molecular profiles. Various research works have been done to identify key drivers genes that differentiate between the two. The divergence between these extends beyond genetics and affect chemotherapy regimens, targeted therapies and Immunotherapy outcomes.
They found that pemetrexed-based chemotherapy demonstrates significant efficacy in LUAD patients but lacks substantial benefits in LUSC. This is mainly due to thymidylate synthase expression. Targeted treatments such as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors have transformed the therapeutic landscape for LUAD. On the other hand, necitumumab-based therapies have shown improving survival rates for LUSC patients with EGFR overexpression. Immunotherapy is an important treatment method but the tumor microenvironment varies significantly between LUAD and LUSC. By understanding the molecular and clinical distinctions between LUAD and LUSC, it helps in integrating genomic insights with personalized therapeutic strategies. This will be helping in improving patient outcomes and helping in fighting against lung cancer.
The information shared in this blog is for educational purposes only. You should always consult with your healthcare provider for any medical needs.
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