According to a new study, a surprising link has been found between methylmalonic Acid and weakening if CD8+ T cells. Moffitt Cancer Center researchers have found how metabolic changes associated with aging can impact immune responses towards tumors. This recent study has been published in Oncogene and it explores how increased methylmalonic acid could impair the activation and functions of CD8+ cells. These immune cells have a pivotal role in fighting against lung cancer.
Methylmalonic acid (MMA) levels are normally low in healthy individuals. The elevated levels are linked to aging and vitamin B12 deficiency. MMA is a byproduct if propionate metabolism and it promotes tumor progression via its direct effects in tumor cells. The results of the study indicate that MMA influences global gene expression in these cells and thus, leads to downregulation of key pathways which are involved in immune activation as well as metabolism.
“Our research shows that methylmalonic acid not only increases with age but also makes CD8+ T cells weaker by disrupting their energy production,” said Ana Gomes, Ph.D., lead author on the study and principal investigator in the Molecular Oncology Department at Moffitt. “This makes it harder for the immune system to fight cancer, suggesting that targeting methylmalonic acid could help improve cancer treatment.”
The study also focuses on the role of MMA in skewing the tumor microenvironment. It not only affects T cells but also other immune cells and thus, leading to growth for lung cancer tumor. The findings of this study suggest that strategies should be made to reduce MMA levels or counteract its effects on CD8+ T cells. This could help in enhancing antitumor immunity and particularly in those patients who are at great risk of lung cancer.
The information shared in this blog is for educational purposes only. You should always consult with your healthcare provider for any medical needs.
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